來自 北美洲
磅數 82.2磅
發文 72
註冊 2006/6/4 上
量級 羽量級
★☆
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今天翻了一下這一期的FLEX,看到上面正在討論Myostatin這個熱門話題,所以簡短的翻譯了一下在Wikipedia上的Myostatin介紹
出處: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myostatin
如有侵權煩請告知...小弟會立即刪除並向原作者致歉...
Myostatin (formerly known as Growth and Differentiation Factor 8) is a growth factor that limits muscle tissue growth, i.e. higher concentrations of myostatin in the body cause the individual to have less developed muscles. The myostatin protein is produced in skeletal muscle cells, circulates in the blood and acts on muscle tissue, apparently by slowing down the development of muscle stem cells. The precise mechanism remains unknown.
Myostatin(即先前所稱第八成長及分化因子)是抑制肌肉呈組織成長的生長因子,意即當體內含有高濃度的Myostatin時,該個體的肌肉發育會被Myostatin延緩. Myostatin蛋白為骨骼肌細胞所生成分泌,其後循環於血液之中並作用於肌肉組織,Myostatin很顯著地延緩肌肉幹細胞的發育. 而切確的Myostatin作用機制尚不清楚.
Myostatin and the associated gene were discovered in 1997 by geneticists McPherron and Se-Jin Lee, who also produced a strain of mutant mice that lack the gene and are about twice as strong as normal mice. The gene has been sequenced in humans, mice, zebrafish and several other animals, showing few differences among species. Lee found in 1997 that the strong Belgian Blue and Piedmontese cattle strains have a defective Myostatin myostatin gene; these strains have been produced through breeding.
於西元1997年,兩位遺傳學家,McPherron and Se-Jin Lee,發現Myostatin與其相關之基因.這兩位遺傳學家建立的一株基因突變老鼠品系,此老鼠品系為正常老鼠的兩倍強壯. Myostatin 基因序列在不同生物中如人類,老鼠,斑馬魚以及其他動物中已被分析完成,而分析解果顯示在不同的物種之間Myostatin有些許的序列差異. Lee於西元1997年發現相對強壯的比利時藍牛以及Piedmontese牛(抱歉不會翻,反正就是一個品種的牛的名字)有Myostatin基因的缺陷,而這兩種牛是藉由配種得來.
In 2001, Lee created mice with intact myostatin gene and large muscle mass by inserting mutations that boosted the production of various myostatin blocking substances.
於西元2001年, Lee利用插入突變的方法使老鼠大量產生Myostatin的抑制物質,使此老鼠帶有被遭破壞的Myostatin基因並產生大量肌肉.
In 2004, a German boy was diagnosed with a mutation in both copies of the myostatin-producing gene, making him considerably stronger than his peers. His mother, a former sprinter, has a mutation in one copy of the gene.
於2004年,一個德國的小男孩被診斷出其兩條Myostatin基因皆有突變,這樣的突變使他遠比同年紀的小孩強壯. 他的母親,一個退休的短跑選手,有一條Myostatin基因突變. (也就是說小男孩的另一條突變的Myostatin基因很可能來自父親)
Further research into myostatin and the myostatin gene may lead to therapies for muscular dystrophy. The idea is to introduce substances that block myostatin. In 2002, researchers at the University of
Pennsylvania showed that monoclonal antibody specific to myostatin improves the condition of mice with muscular dystrophy, presumably by blocking myostatin's action.
對於myostatin蛋白及其基因的研究可能成為肌肉萎縮症的治療方法. 而治療肌肉萎縮症的概念是導入myostatin的抑制物質於肌肉萎縮症患者. 於2002年,賓州大學的研究人員利用對myostatin蛋白有專一性的單株抗體減緩了肌肉萎縮症老鼠的病徵,也就是說此一單株抗體抑制了myostatin蛋白的作用.
In 2005, Lee showed that a two-week treatment of normal mice with soluble activin type IIB receptor, a molecule that is normally attached to cells and binds to myostatin, leads to a significantly increased muscle mass (up to 60%). It is thought that binding of myostatin to the soluble activin receptor prevents it from interacting with the cell-bound receptors.
於2005年,Lee進行了一項給予正常老鼠可溶性activin type IIB受器,此種受器可以附著於細胞並與Myostatin結合,最終導致受測老鼠的肌肉顯著增加 (最多到達60%). 而activin受器
的作用機制被認為是與Myostatin結合,進而阻障了myostatin與細胞上的天然受器結合.
It remains unclear whether long term treatment of muscular dystropy with myostatin inhibitors is beneficial: the depletion of muscle stem cells could worsen the disease later on.
然而對於肌肉萎縮症患者長期施予myostatin 抑制劑是否有力還是未知: 肌肉幹細胞的減少在晚期可能會惡化肌肉萎縮症.
As of 2005, no myostatin inhibiting drugs for humans are on the market, but an antibody genetically engineered to neutralize myostatin was developed by New Jersey pharmaceutical company Wyeth. The inhibor is called MYO-029 and is currently undergoing human testing[1]. Some athletes, eager to get their hands on such drugs, turn to the internet, where fake "myostatin blockers" are being sold.
到2005年為止,市場上並沒有以myostatin 抑制劑為成分的藥品,但是利用基因工程所產生的myostatin 中和性抗體已經被位於紐澤西的惠氏藥廠所研發. 這個抗體被命名為MYO-029且正在進行人體測試. 因為某些運動員急於將這種藥品弄到手,所以網路市場上出現了假藥"myostatin blockers" myostatin障阻劑.
Myostatin is a member of the TGF-beta superfamily of proteins. Human Myostatin consists of two identical subunits, each consisting of 110 amino acid residues. Its total molecular weight is 25.0 kDa. It can be produced in genetically engineered E. coli and is available for sale. Johns Hopkins University owns the patents on myostatin.
Myostatin是TGF-beta蛋白的家族成員. 人類所分泌的Myostatin是由兩個相同的胺基酸鏈次單元所主成,每個胺基酸鏈含有110個胺基酸. 其分子量為25.0KDa. Myostatin可以憑藉大腸桿菌為宿主利用基因工程的方法產生並已經可以在市場上購買. 約翰霍普金斯大學擁有此項專利.
-----------------------------這是一條分隔線-------------------------------------------
那跟健美有啥相關性勒...可能的作用模式是...
1. 重量訓練之後...肌肉感受刺激開始生長
2. 在肌肉生長的同時,為了避免肌肉過度增生,身體的骨骼肌細胞開始分泌Myostatin
3. 被分泌出的Myostatin隨著血液流動到達肌肉組織,接著和該處肌肉細胞上的Myostatin受器相
結合
4. Myostatin與其受器在細胞表面結合後開啟了抑制肌肉細胞增生的訊息...於是肌肉的增生被抑制
5. 如此身體提供了一個煞車讓肌肉不過度增生...也就不會浪費太多的能量在製造肌肉上面
=>所以要是將來有了Myostatin抑制劑,在重訓之後使用此抑制劑,肌肉增生即不會被Myostatin所調
節...
依照老鼠實驗...可大百分之六十...
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